From: Application of soda-AQ pulping to agricultural waste (okra stalks) from Sudan
Pulping Process | 15% Soda-AQ | 18% Soda-AQ | 21% Soda-AQ | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pulping results | ||||
Kappa number | 29.6 | 27.8 | 22.2 | |
ISO brightness, % | 19.6 | 20.4 | 22.3 | |
Viscosity, ml g−1 | 1010 | 1045 | 1065 | |
Strength properties | ||||
Initial pulp freeness, | SR | |||
Apparent density, g cm−3 | 25 | 0.52 | 0.61 | 0.61 |
50 | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.67 | |
Breaking length, Km | 25 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 8.1 |
50 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.5 | |
Tensile index, N m g−1 | 25 | 40.1 | 43.2 | 45.3 |
50 | 60.2 | 61.4 | 63.1 | |
Tear index,, m N m2 g−1 | 25 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.2 |
50 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | |
Burst index, K Pa m2 g−1 | 25 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
50 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.7 | |
Folding endurance, log10n | 25 | 06 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
50 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 |