Fig. 2

a Permeation through the GO membranes. Water is freely evaporated through GO membrane similar to open aperture (blue line). b Structure of the single graphene capillary in the GO films. Pristine graphene capillaries form monolayer water channel. The dashed lines indicate the capillary state with low humidity. c Possible permeation routes for permeation through laminates. Adapted with permission from ref [10]. Copyright 2012 American Association for the Advancement of Science