Table 5 Pervaporation of alcohols from aqueous solution using mixed matrix PIM-1 membranes. Fillers: MFI silicalite-1(CH2)2Ph, GO-ODA octadecyl-functionalised graphene oxide, rGO-ODA reduced octadecyl-functionalised graphene oxide, rGO-OA reduced octyl-functionalised graphene oxide
Alcohol | Conc. (wt%) | Filler | Loading (wt%) | Temp. (°C) | β | Normalised flux (kg μm m-2 h-1) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethanol | 5 | MFI | 13 | 50 | 3.7 | 27.7 | [184] |
Ethanol | 5 | MFI | 13 | 60 | 3.3 | 29.6 | [184] |
Ethanol | 5 | MFI | 28 | 50 | 4.9 | 36.7 | [184] |
Ethanol | 5 | MFI | 28 | 60 | 5.7 | 54.6 | [184] |
Ethanol | 9 | MFI | 28 | 50 | 3.7 | 80.5 | [184] |
Ethanol | 9 | MFI | 28 | 60 | 5.1 | 50.3 | [184] |
Ethanol | 9 | MFI | 47 | 50 | 4.7 | 18.6 | [184] |
Ethanol | 9 | MFI | 47 | 60 | 4.3 | 22 | [184] |
Ethanol | 5 | GO-ODA | 0.01 | 65 | 1.1 | 3.1 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | GO-ODA | 0.1 | 65 | 3.1 | 5.5 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | GO-ODA | 0.5 | 65 | 2.1 | 3.8 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | rGO-ODA | 0.01 | 65 | 3.0 | 3.7 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | rGO-ODA | 0.1 | 65 | 2.0 | 3.2 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | rGO-ODA | 0.5 | 65 | 1.5 | 5.0 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | rGO-OA | 0.01 | 65 | 1.8 | 3.8 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | rGO-OA | 0.1 | 65 | 5.1 | 9.5 | [185] |
Ethanol | 5 | rGO-OA | 0.5 | 65 | 2.9 | 6.8 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | GO-ODA | 0.01 | 65 | 12.2 | 17.1 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | GO-ODA | 0.1 | 65 | 16.1 | 30.0 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | GO-ODA | 0.5 | 65 | 17.4 | 22.2 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | rGO-ODA | 0.01 | 65 | 21.5 | 34.5 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | rGO-ODA | 0.1 | 65 | 26.9 | 23.0 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | rGO-ODA | 0.5 | 65 | 17.6 | 30.8 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | rGO-OA | 0.01 | 65 | 22.6 | 43.9 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | rGO-OA | 0.1 | 65 | 32.9 | 27.6 | [185] |
1-Butanol | 5 | rGO-OA | 0.5 | 65 | 27.1 | 35.1 | [185] |