A | cross-section area (m2) |
C | capacitance (m4 s2 kg ā1) |
d | diameter (m) |
g | gravitational acceleration (m2 s ā1) |
h | heat transfer coefficient (W m ā2 K ā1) |
K | gain (ā) |
L | inductance (kg m ā4) |
l | length (m) |
P | pressure (Pa) |
p | parameter vector |
R | resistance (kg m ā4 s ā1) |
\(\dot {S}\) | rate of change of entropy (W K ā1) |
s | specific entropy (J kg ā1 K ā1) |
complex frequency (rad s ā1) | |
t | time (s) |
T | temperature (K) |
cyclic steady-state period (s) | |
U | volumetric flowrate (m ā3 s ā1) |
V | volume (m3) |
\(\dot {W}\) | work power (W) |
\(\dot {X}\) | thermal exergy power (W) |
x | state vector |
y | position of vapor-liquid interface (m) |
Z | impedance (kg m ā4 s ā1) |
Ī± | thermal diffusivity (m2 s ā1) |
Ī | difference |
Ī· | thermodynamic efficiency (ā) |
Ī³ | adiabatic index (ā) |
Īŗ | thermal conductivity (W m ā1 K ā1) |
Ī» | eigenvalue |
Ī¼ | dynamic viscosity (kg m ā1 s ā1) |
Ļ | density (kg m ā3) |
Ī£ | surface area (m2) |
Ļ | reference time (s) |
Subscripts and superscripts | |
\(\hat {\ }\) | dimensionless variable |
\(\bar {\ }\) | time-averaged value |
L | lower bound |
U | upper bound |
ā | reference or equilibrium value |
0 | initial value |
ad | adiabatic vapor chamber |
d | displacer cylinder |
ex | exergetic |
f | feedback connection |
gl | glass |
l | load |
p | power cylinder |
pf | pumped fluid |
sat | fluid in saturation region |
th | thermal domain |
tl | thermal loss |
vap | vapor |
wf | working fluid |