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Table 9 Optimization results of the MINLP model

From: Enhancing the lubricity of gas-to-liquid (GTL) paraffinic kerosene: impact of the additives on the physicochemical properties

Properties

Optimization Model

Lab testing data

(FCL009)

Additives

Ethyl oleate

Ethyl oleate

Fuel

SPK

Extracted SPK

Concentration (Vol%)

5.6

5

Lubricity (μm)

493.48

417

Density (g/cm3)

0.749

0.75

Freezing point (°C)

−42.2

−38.9

Flash point (°C)

58.8

53.5

Viscosity (cSt)

7.3

7.06

Gross Heat Content (MJ/kg)

44.02

43.78